Hodgkin's Disease
In this condition factsheet:
The Facts on Hodgkin's Disease
Hodgkin lymphoma is the name for a group of cancers that start in the lymph nodes and then spread to surrounding areas of the body. Lymph nodes are small organs found at various sites in the body, such as under the armpits, in the groin, back of the abdomen, and in the neck.
These nodes help fight infection by filtering out bacteria and other harmful substances. Many people notice slightly swollen nodes in the neck when they have a cold or the flu; however, these swellings are usually temporary and disappear within a week or two.
Hodgkin lymphoma is a type of lymphoma, a form of cancer that affects the lymphatic system. Lymphomas are the third most common type of cancer in children. Hodgkin lymphoma usually occurs in 2 age groups: people between the ages of 15 and 40, and people over the age of 55.
Causes of Hodgkin's Disease
The exact cause of Hodgkin lymphoma is unknown, as is true for most types of cancer. Studies have found an increased risk of Hodgkin lymphoma in people who have had the Epstein-Barr virus. This has led researchers to think that viral factors may play a role in causing this type of cancer. However, this is still not proven.
Other risk factors may include an HIV infection, a family history of Hodgkin lymphoma, and previous chemotherapy or radiation exposure. People who have suppressed immune systems due to certain medications or medical conditions may also be at risk.
Symptoms and Complications of Hodgkin's Disease
People with Hodgkin lymphoma may experience any of the following signs and symptoms:
- a painless swelling of the lymph nodes in the armpits, neck, or groin area
- persistent fatigue
- fever and chills
- night sweats
- weight loss (unintended)
- loss of appetite
- severe itching (rarely)
- enlarged spleen
- cough
- difficulty breathing
- swelling of the legs
If you discover a painless mass, particularly in the neck region, and it doesn't disappear after a few weeks, you should see a doctor to have it checked out. Often, especially in children, painless enlargements in the lymph nodes are the only symptoms of Hodgkin lymphoma.
