Torticollis
In this condition factsheet:
The Facts on Torticollis
In order for your neck to move the way it should, all the neck muscles, tendons, and bones must be healthy and functioning properly. Your neck muscles contract to produce movement and are connected to your bones by tendons. If you injure or overexert your neck, you can temporarily or permanently damage muscles, causing pain and a reduction in your normal range of motion.
Torticollis, also known as "wry neck," is a painful disorder of the muscles in the neck. Although the onset may occur at any age, most cases begin between the ages of 20 and 60 with a peak between the ages of 30 to 50. This condition is twice as common in women as in men. Torticollis involves an occasional or constant painful spasm of the large muscles of the neck and usually affects one side more than the other.
When a person's neck is in spasm due to torticollis, they may be forced to rotate and tilt their head forward, backward, or sideways. Some people find that the pain becomes worse when they sit, stand, or walk.
Torticollis is quite rare, affecting only 1 in every 10,000 people. It's extremely painful and can be very debilitating.
Causes of Torticollis
Unfortunately, the cause of torticollis is unknown. However, it may be caused by conditions such as hyperthyroidism, nervous system infections, tardive dyskinesia (abnormal facial movements resulting from taking antipsychotic medications), some medications used for nausea or vomiting, and neck tumours. In addition, emotional difficulties may also contribute and even worsen the disorder, or in rare instances, they may be the underlying cause.
Occasionally, newborn babies can have a congenital form of torticollis. This type of torticollis can run in families or can be related to events during pregnancy or delivery. In older children, an imbalance of the eye muscles (such as strabismus) and bone or muscle deformities of the upper spine can also cause torticollis.
Symptoms and Complications of Torticollis
If you suffer from torticollis, you will probably experience sharp, painful muscle spasms in one side of your neck that may start suddenly and continue for a while or happen only periodically. Your head will probably be forced to tilt itself in a certain direction and even rotate depending on which neck muscles are affected. Sometimes, people with torticollis also experience spasms in other areas of their head such as their eyelids, face, or jaw, as well as in their hands. Spasms usually occur without warning and rarely during sleep.
Torticollis can vary from a mild case to one that's severe and constant. Young people who are moderately affected (about 10% to 20% of the people who actually have torticollis) will usually recover without treatment within 5 years. For most sufferers, however, the disorder may gradually increase and worsen for 1 to 5 years and then stabilize. Torticollis may also persist as a lifelong condition, producing continued pain and restricted movement of the neck, and eventually resulting in deformities to a person's posture.
